Childbirth -Midwifery and Dr. Jesse Bennet, Rockingham County, Virginia

Patchwork Quilt

In many ways, a family history is very similar to a patchwork quilt.  It is chucked full of a great variety of many beautiful pieces or perhaps the fascinating stories which make up a family’s history ranging from tales of wealth, grandeur, and beauty to those of poverty and destitution, including all the misery thereof.

 Just as all quilts have a binding which holds them together, so too does a family’s history.  It begins with a person’s birth and ends with the death of the last  of that person’s descendants.

Just as a patchwork quilt is connected by the stitching which connects each piece, one to the other, so too is a family which is connected, generation after generation, by the birthing process. 

Birthing Chair

 For our ancestors, childbirth and childhood were times of both great hazard and equally great joy as both were caught somewhere in between science and religion as found in the social and medical practices of the day.  

From the medieval period to the end of the 17^th Century both labour and childbirth were surrounded by ancient ritual and superstition.  A veil of secrecy surrounded the knowledge and practices of the midwife.  Even though obstetrical forceps had been invented by Dr. Peter Chamberien in 1650, they were seldom used as obstetrics was still in a very primitive phase where the skill of a midwife or surgeon could rarely save mother and/or child in the event of a serious complication. Amulets, herbs and religious practices reigned supreme during this period of time.

In 1739, the first obstetrics ward opened in Winchester, England at the St. James’ Parochial Infirmary.

Midwife's Certificate

In 1741, Dr. William Smellie began to give lectures to medical students and midwives.  Many considered death as an inevitable tragedy as approximately one woman in every forty died while giving birth.  The acceptance of both pain and danger were perceived as a test of faith by which women obeyed God’s first commandment, “be fruitful and multiple,” as they suffered for Eve’s sins.  Women of all classes, were encouraged to prepare themselves for death before going into labour as the biblical phrase, “in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children,” was invoked.                                                            

In order to pursue their career, midwives had to obtain a license from the Church of England.  This practice continued well into the Georgian era. These licenses often carried the names of those folk who could and would testify to the competence and “good and honest life” of the midwife and stated that the midwife either was a member of the Church of England or conformed to its doctrines.  This was important because of the fear of witchcraft which was still very prevalent in England during the 17^th Century.

In 1783, after the American Revolution, a Stamp Act was introduced in England requiring a three pence tax on all entries in baptismal registers.

Dr. Jessee Bennett Road Sign

On the 14 January 1794, Dr. Jessee Bennett performed the first successful Caesarean section and oophorectomy done in America.  This operation was done near Edom in Rockingham County, Virginia in an attempt to save the lives of his wife and child.

As a new century dawned, changes occurred within the profession, both in America and in the British Empire.  In 1836, The Births & Deaths Registration Act introduced civil registration of all births in England and Wales. 

A Scottish physician, Dr. James Young Simpson, first used chloroform for general anesthesia during childbirth in 1847. Many of the clergy argued that the pains of childbirth were derived from the “curse of Eve” and that such drugs were the decoy of Satan as they robbed God of the earnest cries which arise in time of trouble for His help.

 

Queen Victoria and Prince Albert

The use of anesthesia came into popular use after its virtues during childbirth were extolled by Queen Victoria, who was also Head of the Church of England.

In 1854, The Births & Deaths Registration Act introduced civil registration of all births in England and Wales was introduced into Scotland.  A similar act was later introduced into the United States.

And perhaps most importantly, Louis Pasteur discovered the connection between poor hygiene and puerperal [childbed] fever.  The fact that so many midwifes, who worked among the poor, were still ignoring the connection between bacteria and infection, caused Joseph Lister to call for higher standards of cleanliness in order to reduce the vast number of deaths.

Journal of Miss Lottie M. Davis January - February 1935

Batmobile 1935

January 1935

Page 112

21 Jan 1935 – Mrs. Josah Dean came home.

12 Jan 1935 – Ora Dean married.

     Jan 1935 – Mr. Underhill died.

  6 Jan 1935 – Mrs. Dewl [blank space in line] died age eighty years.

10 Jan 1935 – L.A.S. [Ladies Aid Society?] had doughnut day first one.

  6 Jan 1935 – Ruby Chapman married.

  5 Jan 1935 – Mr. Floyd Leap got new car.

  6 Jan 1935 – Went to Sunday S.[School?] Rooms.

13 Jan 1935 – Bill and Claurine spent day here.

12 Jan 1935 – Lelia had shower for Mrs. Marie Monger Painter. [Lelis Davis Monger was a sister to Miss Lottie M. Davis and the wife of C. Clark Monger].

15 Jan 1935 – Mr. Thustin Sellers died. Age sixty-two years.

14 Jan 1935 – Mr. Hubert Miller in hospital.

19 Jan 1935 – Mr. Jim Saums foot taken off.

23 Jan 1935 – Big Snow.

28 Jan 1935 – Eleven below zero here.

27 Jan 1935 – Mr. Hubert Miller died age sixty-five years.

29 Jan 1935 – Mr. Hubert Miller’s Funeral.

23 Jan 1935 – Snowed all day.

21 Jan 1935 – Paid for window at U.B.C. [United Brethern Church].

23 Jan 1935 – Mr. Jessee Saums died.

30 Jan 1935 – Mrs Harper Sinnett died at Hospital – age forty-four years.

29 Jan 1935 – Mr. John Hensley died age eighty years. Died at Lacy Springs Funeral McGaheysville.

29 Jan 1935 – Mr. Earman died age eighty-seven years.

Adolph Hilter Propaganda 1935

 February 1935 -

  3 Feb 1935 – Mrs Bud Offenbacker died age eighty-two [eighty-seven?].

  3 Feb 1935 – Louise Herring operated on.

  5 Feb 1935 – Lelia [Davis Monger] joined Ladies Aid.

  8 Feb 1935 – Doughnut day here made $28.28.

 10 Feb 1935 – Mr. Tom Yancey died age sixty-five years.

 11 Feb 1935 – Miss Mollie Cook died age sixty-five years.

 16 Feb 1935 – Grany went to McGaheysville to a B[?]

 17 Feb 1935 – Mrs. Eva Fisher Stanley new baby boy.

 31 Feb 1935 – Mrs. Ora Dean Hensley went to Hospital.

 21 Feb 1935 -  Covered dish supper at made Mrs. G. [George?] Lamb.

 25 Feb 1935 – Miss Alice Keezle Gillan operated on at R.M.H. Mon.

Monopoly 1935

 Page 114

      Feb 1935 – Boyon Keezle operated on.

 25 Feb 1935 – Ruth Baugher came over week.

      Feb 1935 – Mr. J.E.H. Hugh’s operated on.

      Feb 1935 – Mrs. Roy Kyger had teeth taken out.

THE PENCE [BENTZ] FAMILY

THE PENCE [BENTZ] FAMILY

Generation One

HANS BENTZ [B: 27 September 1631 in Germany – D: 21 August 1726 in Germany] married Helene Margarethe Kern [B: 1644 in Baden-Wuerttemburg, Germany – D: 14 January 1688 in Germany]

Generation Two

JOHANNES BENTZ [B: 1675 in Bayern, Germany – D: 4 June 1746 in Germany] married Susannah _____ [B: 1677 in Germany – D: 10 April 1748 in Germany]

Generation Three

JOHANN GEORGE BENTZ [PENCE] [B: 16 May 1697 Bayern, Germany – D: 15 September 1749 in Frederick County, Virginia] married 29 August 1719 in Bayern, Germany to Anna Barbara Bullinger [B: 27 April 1698 in Bayern, Germany – D: ?]. They arrived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the 15 September 1749 aboard the vessel, Phoenix.

 

Gravestone of John Heinrich Pence [Bentz]

Generation Four

JOHN HEINRICH BENTZ [PENCE] was the son of Johann Georg Bentz [Pence] and his wife, Anna Barbara Bullinger. John Heinrich Pence [B: 1740 in Iggleheim, Pfalz, Bayern, Germany – D: 1826 at Mad River, Champaign County, Ohio] married Mary Magdaline Blimly.   Based upon the births of their children, Johann Heinrich Bentz [Pence] and Mary Magdaline Blimly were married in 1765 in Frederick County, Virginia.  Mary Magdaline Blimly [B: 1746 in Frederick Co., Virginia – D: 20 September 1829 at Champaign County, Ohio.] This couple removed in 1805 to Mad River, Champaign County, Ohio. 

Known children of John Heinrich and Mary Magdaline Blimly Bentz [Pence] are as follows:

1.     George Pence [B: 16 August 1766 in Frederick County, Virginia – D: 1810 Shenandoah County, Virginia]

2.     Jacob Pence [B: 15 September 1767 in Frederick County, Virginia – D: 12 June 1828 Champaign County, Ohio]

3.     Henry Pence [B: 4 September 1768 in Frederick County, Virginia – D: 11 August 1844 Champaign County, Ohio]

4.     Abraham Pence [B: 7 September 1769 in Frederick County, Virginia – D. 1838 Mad River, Champaign County, Ohio]

5.     Magadeline Pence [B: 31 January 1771 in Frederick County, Virginia – D: 1820 Champaign County, Ohio]

6.     Susannah Pence [B: 4 July 1773 in Dunmore County, Virginia – D: 21 May 1853 Champaign County, Ohio]

7.     John Pence [B: 15 January 1774 in Dunmore County, Virginia – D: 20 September 1841 Henderson County, Illinois]

8.     Barbara Pence [B: 2 November 1775 in Dunmore County, Virginia – D: 1820 Champaign County, Ohio]

9.     David Pence [B: 4 February 1777 in Dunmore County, Virginia – D: 1852 Fairfield County, Ohio]

10.  Joseph Pence [B: 26 September 1778 in Shenandoah County, Virginia -D: 6 July 1855 Champaign County, Ohio]

11.  Samuel Pence [B: 4 February 1780 in Shenandoah County, Virginia – D: February 1815 in Champaign County, Ohio]

12.  Anna Pence [B: 10 October 1781 in Shenandoah County, Virginia – D: 5 March 1847 Montgomery County, Illinois]

13.  Isaac Pence [B:23 July 1784 in Shenandoah County, Virginia - D: 7 April 1854 Washington County, Iowa]

14.  Elizabeth Pence [23 June 1784 in Shenandoah County, Virginia – D: 14 April 1854 Champaign County, Ohio]

15.  Benjamin Pence [25 April 1787 in Shenandoah County, Virginia – D: 8 February 1875 Bartholomew County, Indiana]

16.  Mary Pence [B: 9 June 1789 in Shenandoah County, Virginia – D: 28 March 1869 McDonough County, Illinois]

17.  Reuben Pence [B: 28 June 1791 in Shenandoah County, Virginia – D: 1 October 1840 Monroe, Miami County, Ohio]

Generation Five

GEORGE PENCE was the eldest son of Johann Heinrich Bentz [Pence] and his wife Mary Magdaline Blimly.  George Pence [B: 16 August 1766 in Frederick County, Virginia – D: 1810 Shenandoah County, Virginia] married Maria Mary Mauck [B: 1770 – D: 1795], the daughter of Daniel and Barbara Harnsberger Mauck. Barbara Harnsberger Mauck was the daughter of John Stephen Harnsberger [B: 1714 in Evangelisch, Thurgan, Switzerland – D: 19 March 1776 in Augusta County, Virginia] and his wife, Agnes Hofmann [B:25 November 1722 in Germantown, Virginia – D: 9 February 1749 Germantown, Virginia].  John Stephen Harnsberger was the son of John Harnsberger [D: 20 May 1760 Culpeper County, Virginia]

Generation Six

            PETER JONAS PENCE [Pense, Bentz, Benz, Bens], was the son of George and Maria

            Mary Mauck Pence.

Born:  ca. 1795 -1797 [1840 Census shows that he was older than forty and less than fifty 

years of age], most probably in Pennsylvania.

Died: ca.1848, most probably in Page County, Virginia. 

Married: 8 February 1823 in Shenandoah County, Virginia

Sophia Aleshire [Alshite], the daughter of Henry P. Aleshire [Alshite] [B: 1754 – D:1845] and his wife, Mary Elizabeth Hahn [Haynes, Haines, Hehn, Hohn] [marriage record]. Mary Elizabeth Hahn was the daughter of George and Maria Catherine ____ Hahn.

Born: October 1800 in Virginia. [1850-1880 Page County, Virginia Federal Census Records cite her age as being forty-five, fifty-five, sixty-four and seventy-six years.]

Died: 30 January 1885 at Stoney Run in Page County, Virginia at the age of eighty-four years and three months [death record - the published record states "Honey Run," but at the time, she lived at Stoney Run].  A newspaper obituary states that she died on the 29^th of January in 1885 at Alma, Page County, Virginia being eighty-four years of age. The 1885 Atlas shows Sophia Pence as living just east of Alma on the south side of Stoney Run in Shenandoah Ironworks District of Page County, Virginia.

In 1878, Sophia sought a pension [No. WO – 19009] based upon her husband's service either in a “Pennsylvania or Maryland Militia” unit during the War of 1812.  In her deposition, she states that her husband came "here [Page County] after the war from Pennsylvania." However, the children who survived until the 1880 Page County, Virginia Federal Census cite their father's birthplace as Virginia. Most probably the reason for this discrepancy is the fact that the Pence family had settled originally in the area which was claimed by Virginia but also by the Colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania which also believed that the area was within their boundaries. Officially this issue, state boundaries, was not settled until after the American Revolution.

Sophia stated in her petition application that Peter Pence died on the 31^st of January in 1854; however, he was not cited as part of their family in the 1850 Federal Census. Sophia's petition was denied because she could not provide any specifics about “her” Peter Pence's service.  

With the aid of modern technology, it is easy to determine that the Pence family came into the Colony of Pennsylvania prior to the French and Indian War from an area that is now in Germany.  This is the reason for many difficulties which seemed to plague Sophia’s life in regard to her knowledge of her husband’s family and the government. 

It was customary for families of Germanic origins to name the first son after the child’s paternal grandfather and the second son after the maternal grandfather. This was also true for daughters, the eldest was given the name of the paternal grandmother and the second was named for the maternal grandmother.  This custom resulted in many children being named the exact same name.  

Gravestone in Ohio for Peter Pence

 By the time of the War of 1812, there were men named Peter Pence serving from Ohio, Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania because some of the sons and grandsons of the original emigrant family had moved “west” to claim land grants which had been awarded to their family for military service in the French and Indian War as well as those awarded for service during the American Revolution.  An example of this is Peter Jonas Pence who married Maria Elizabeth Harshman in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1817. This Peter Jonas Pence was also born in Rockingham County, Virginia on the 11^th of October 1797 and died on the 27^th of August 1864 in Preble Co., Ohio where they were buried.  Their known children were: Delilah Pence, Rosabel E.Pence, Andrew J.Pence, and Peter Milton Pence.

Without the aid of today’s technology [phones, copy machines, computers, photographs and easy methods of travel], it was extremely difficult to determine who served from a regiment in any geographic area.  Personally, I have nineteen proven ancestors who served in the War of 1812 just on mother’s Shenandoah Valley side of my family.  Many of these exact same men served in regiments which saw duty on the coastal regions as well as in the Ohio Country.  Also, many of these exact same men served in the American Revolution and then later, alongside their own sons during the War of 1812. 

If we add all of this together and then, throw in the horrible diseases which wiped out many members of the same family, fires which burned down homes, the scarcity of paper upon which to write down family events as they occurred, all make it easier to understand that government agents of the period had a difficult time in deciding which claim to allow or to deny for lack of proof.  This is why many original family bible records were torn or cut out of Bibles and submitted with the applications, thus became part of many of these men’s pension records.

1885 Atlas Page County, Virginia

The 1885 Page County, Virginia Atlas shows Sophia Pence as living just east of Alma on the south side of Stoney Run in the Shenandoah Ironworks District of Page County, Virginia. Marriage Records and Page County, Virginia Federal Census Records identify the following known children of Peter and Sophia (Aleshire) Pence:

Generation Seven

1. HENRY PENCE was born in 1825 in Virginia and appears to have died in the War Between the States, but no record has yet been found to document this fact.  He married Susan R. Croft on the 3^rd of May 1852 in Page County, Virginia. Susan R. Croft was born in January 1832 in Virginia, the daughter of Jacob Croft. Susan A. Pence was living alone in Page County in 1900. She most probably was the "Mrs. Pence" who was living across from Sophia Aleshire Pence near Stoney Run in Marksville District as is shown on the 1885 Atlas.

2. MARY (POLLY) PENCE was born in 1827 in Virginia.  She married Abraham Aleshire [Aleshite] on the 21^st of May 1844 in Page County, Virginia.   Abraham Aleshire [Aleshite] was born in Virginia in 1827, the son of Jacob Aleshire[Aleshite].  They are cited on the Page County Federal Census in 1850. 

A.J. Rinehart Gravestone

3. ELIZABETH PENCE was born the 26^th of November 1827 in Virginia.  She died on the 5^th of February 1891 and is buried in the Rinehart [Rhinehart] Family Cemetery at Battle Creek, Page County, Virginia. Elizabeth married Andrew Jackson Rinehart [Rhinehart] on the 8^th of November 1849 in Page County, Virginia.   Andrew Jackson Rinehart [Rhinehart] was the son of Adam and Mary Price Rinehart [Rhinehart].  Andrew Jackson  Rinehart [Rhinehart] was born on the 6^th of November 1828 in Shenandoah County, Virginia, and died on the 6^th of November 1862.   He is also buried in the Rinehart [Rhinehart] Family Cemetery at Battle Creek, Page County, Virginia.  He is not cited on the 1850 Page County, Virginia Federal Census, but is shown on the Page County, Virginia Federal Census in 1860.

4. HARRISON PENCE was born in 1829 in Virginia and died of disease [diarrhea] on the 12^th of August 1864 while serving in the Confederate Army as a “Prisoner of War” at Elmira Prison in Chemung County, New York.  He is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery, Gravesite 44, at Elmira.  Harrison Pence enlisted on the 16^th of April 1862 at Rude's Hill, Virginia.  As a private, he was mustered into F Co., 2^nd Virginia Infantry.  He was captured and taken as a “Prisoner of War” on the 12^th of May 1864 at Spotsylvania Court House, Spotsylvania County, Virginia.  He was confined in Elmire Prison on the 2^nd of August 1864.

5. WILLIAM PENCE was born in 1830 in Shenandoah County, Virginia and died on the 27^th of February 1863 at Richmond, Virginia.  He married Rebecca Short on the 14^th of February 1856 in Page County, Virginia.  Rebecca Short was born in Virginia in1824.  After William’s death she married William Fleming on the 2^nd of Aug 1866 in Page County, Virginia. During the War Between the States, William Pence was among several soldiers in his unit who were charged with desertion.  It was decided that one of these men must be executed as an example.  The victim was to be determined by drawing straws. William drew the short straw and on the 28^th of February 1863 he was shot by a firing squad at Camp Winder near Richmond, Virginia. William Pence enlisted on the 4^th of April 1862 as a private.  He gave his residence as Leakesville, Page County, Virginia. He was mustered into H Co., 33^rd Virginia Infantry known as "the Page Grays."  He was listed as "Deserted" on the 20^th of April 1862 at Elk Run “Elkton,” Virginia, only two weeks after his enlistment.  He was reported as "Returned" on the 21^st of December 1862, place not stated.

6. ABRAHAM PENSE was born on the 27^th of November 1832 in Page County, Virginia. The 1900 Federal Census of Keya Paha County, Nebraska cites his birth year as 1834.  He was a twin to CATHARINE PENCE [No.7 below].  Abraham Pence died on the 24^th of November 1912 in Keya Paha County, Nebraska.  He is buried in the Springview Cemetery, Keya Paha County, Nebraska. Abraham Pence married Sarah Eliza Humphrey on the 15^th of August 1862 in Cedar County, Iowa.  Sarah Eliza Humphrey was born the daughter of the Rev. Aaron Humphrey and Betsey Starr on the 25^th of February 1846 at Tipton, Cedar County, Iowa.  She died on the 1^st of February 1923 in Keya Paha County, Nebraska and is buried in Springview Cemetery, Keya Paha County, Nebraska.  Abraham Pence removed to Cedar County, Iowa in 1857.  He enlisted in the Union Army on the 15^th of August 1862 as a private. On the 29^th of August he was mustered into Co. B of the 24th Iowa Volunteer Infantry.  He was transferred out of this company on the 20^th of November 1863 and into the Veteran Reserve Corps from which he was discharged on the 29^th of June 1865 at Davenport, Scott County, Iowa.  In 1880, they were in Story County, Iowa and 1884 they removed to Keya Paha County, Nebraska.  The story is that as his name was spelled Pense on his army record, he chose to maintain that same spelling for his family.

7. CATHARINE PENCE was born on the 27^th of November 1832 in Page County, Virginia.  She was a twin to Abraham Pense [No. 6 above]. Catharine Pence married John Nauman [Newman] on the 22^nd of August 1867 in Page County, Virginia.  John Nauman was born in 1815 in Page County, Virginia, the son of David and Catherine Nauman. In the 1860 Page County, Virginia Federal Census, Catharine Pence is living in John Nauman’s household at Alma under the name, Catherine Pence with the child, Charles Pence.  John Nauman was apparently a widower with some eight children. In the 1870 Page County Federal Census, the child Charles is shown as Charles Nauman, age ten years.  In the 1870 Page County, Virginia Federal Census there are several older Nauman children and one named Mary J. Nauman, age four years and also an unnamed Nauman child, one month old. In the Page County, Virginia 1880 Federal Census, the household consists of John Nawman, age sixty-four, Catherine, age forty-seven, Charles P.  age twenty-one, Mary S., age fourteen, and Ada Lee Nawman, age ten years.

8. ISAAC NEWTON PENCE was born in 1836 in Page County, Virginia.  He died on the 30^th of July 1864 in Petersburg, Virginia.  During the War Between the States he was killed at a battle at Ream's Station.  He is buried "in a fence row at Alma" in Page County, Virginia.  Isaac Newton Pence married Harriet F. Short, the daughter of Richard and Mary Short, on the 17^th of June 1858 at her father's home in Page County, Virginia.  Harriet F. Short was born in 1840 in Page County.  She lived in Marksville and died in 1923 and is buried in Seventh Day Adventist Church Cemetery, Stanley, Page County, Virginia.

9. JOHN WESLEY PENCE who was known as Wesley Pence was born in May 1838 in Virginia.  He married Harriet A. Stephens about 1871, most probably in Iowa. Harriet A. Stephens was born in September 1848 in Pennsylvania.  Wesley Pence was cited as living alone in the 1860 Page County, Virginia Federal Census at Grove Hill, Page County, Virginia.  Reportedly he served in the Confederate States Army [possibly he was one of the two John Pence’s who served in the 33rd Virginia Infantry]. Following the War Between the States, Wesley Pence removed to Iowa, and from there to Nebraska, following his older brother, Abraham.  In the 1870 Cedar County, Iowa Federal Census he was cited as living with his brother, Abraham Pence [age 34, born Virginia] and his family in Center Twp. This census cited Wesley Pence [age 38, born Virginia].  Wesley and Harriet A. Stephens were in Grant Twp, Lyon County, Iowa, in the1880 Federal Census and in Boyd County, Nebraska, as cited in the 1900 Federal Census.   This son of Peter and Sophia Aleshire Pence was cited as Wesley Pence in the 1850, 1860 and 1870 Federal Census while in the 1880 Federal Census he was called John and then in 1900 and 1920 he was cited as John W. Pence.

10. MARY ANN PENCE was born in 1840 in Page County, Virginia.  She married Albert Doffelmoyer [Dofflemyer, Dofflemier], the son of Jacob and Nancy Dofflemoyer on the 8^th of December 1867 in Page County, Virginia. This daughter of Peter and Sophia Aleshire Pence is cited as being age eleven in the 1850 Page County, Virginia Federal Census, as age eighteen years in the 1860 Page County, Virginia Federal Census, as twenty-five in the Page County, Virginia Federal Census, and as age twenty-three years on her marriage record dated the 8^th of December 1867 in Page County, Virginia.  Albert Doffelmoyer was born in 1844 in Page County, Virginia.  Mary Ann Pence was living in Page County with her mother in the 1850 Page County, Virginia Federal Census.  In the 1860 Page County, Virginia Federal Census she was cited as living in the home of Harrison C. and Minerva J. Dovel at Leaksville, Page County, Virginia. Albert and Mary Ann Pence Doffelmoyer lived in Shenandoah, Page County as he is cited as being a teamster in the 1870 Page County, Virginia Federal Census.  Mary Ann Pence Doffelmoyer was apparently dead by the 4^th of November 1873, when Albert Doffelmoyer married Adeline Douglas as his second wife. As the 1880 Page County, Virginia Federal Census names only children of Albert and Adeline Douglas Doffelmoyer, it most probable that Mary Ann Pence Doffelmoyer died during childbirth as she apparently left no living children.

11. CHRISTINA PENCE was born in 1842 in Virginia.  She married Joseph S. Nauman [Newman] on the 25^th of April 1867 in Page County, Virginia. The 1870 Page County, Virginia Federal Census of Page County cites Joseph S. Nauman, age twenty-five, wife Mary A., age eighteen, and William Pence, age eleven living in their household. This William Pence is most probably the oldest child of Isaac Newton Pence who had been killed a few years earlier during the War Between the States.

12. SUSANNAH PENCE was born in 1846 in Virginia.  She married Henry T. Pettit, the son of Elijah and Mary C. Pettit on the 21^st of December 1874 in Page County, Virginia.  Henry T. Pettit was born in 1854.

13. HENRIETTA PENCE was born in 1847 in Virginia. She was the mother of one son even though she remained unmarried.  

14. AMBROSE MARTIN [A. M. or MARTIN A.] PENCE was born on the 18^th of September 1848 in Virginia.  He died on the 5^th of July 1925 at the age of seventy-four years, nine months and seventeen days.  He is supposedly buried in Nauman [Newman] Family Cemetery, Stanley, Page County, Virgina, although there is a gravestone for him in Leake's Chapel Cemetery at Stanley with the preceding date of death and age.  This gravestone also states, "erected by a daughter."  Ambrose Martin Pence married Virenda Love Nauman about 1882 in Maryland. Virenda Love Nauman was born on the 5^th of January 1852 and died on the 8^th of March 1902.  She is buried in the Nauman Cemetery in Page County, Virginia.